This book is Childress' thorough examination of the early hollow earth stories of Richard Shaver, and the fascination that fringe fantasy subjects such as lost continents, UFOs, and the hollow earth have had on people. Shaver's rare 1948 book, I Remember Lemuria is reprinted in its entirety, and the book is packed with illustrations from Ray Palmer's Amazing Stories issues of the 1940s. Childress discusses famous hollow earth books and delves deep into whatever reality may be behind the stories of tunnels underground.
Product Information. This book is Childress' thorough examination of the early hollow earth stories of Richard Shaver, and the fascination that fringe fantasy subjects such as lost continents, UFOs, and the hollow earth have had on people. Shaver's rare 1948 book, I Remember Lemuria is reprinted in its entirety, and the book is packed with illustrations from Ray Palmer's Amazing Stories issues of the 1940s. Childress discusses famous hollow earth books and delves deep into whatever reality may be behind the stories of tunnels underground.
A cross-sectional drawing of the planet Earth showing the 'Interior World' of Atvatabar, from 's 1892 science-fiction novel The Goddess of AtvatabarThe Hollow Earth was a concept proposing that the planet is entirely hollow or contains a substantial interior space. Notably suggested by in the late 17th century, the notion was tentatively disproven by in 1740, and definitively by in his around 1774.It was still occasionally defended through the mid 19th century, notably by and, but by this time was part of popular and no longer a scientifically viable hypothesis.The concept of a hollow Earth still recurs in and as the premise for, and a subgenre of (, ). Contents.Hypothesis In ancient times, the concept of a subterranean land inside the Earth appeared in,. The idea of subterranean realms seemed arguable, and became intertwined with the concept of 'places' of origin or afterlife, such as the, the, the Christian, and the Jewish (with details describing inner Earth in literature, such as the and ).
The idea of a subterranean realm is also mentioned in belief. According to one story from Tibetan Buddhist tradition, there is an ancient city called which is located inside the Earth.According to the, there were under the surface which were entrances leading to the, some of which were the caverns at in, at in, at Ephya in, at Herakleia in, and in. In and legends, it is said that there are occupied by an ancient god called. In there is a story of a man who, after traveling through the darkness of a tunnel in the mountain of 'Mashu', entered a subterranean garden. Chapel, bell tower and penitential beds on.
The bell tower stands on a mound that is the site of a cave which, according to various myths, is an entrance to a place of inside the Earth. The cave has been closed since October 25, 1632.In there is a legend of a cave called ', also known as 'Ireland's gate to Hell', a mythical and ancient cave from which according to legend strange creatures would emerge and be seen on the surface of the Earth. There are also stories of and who went on to a cave located in, in Ireland, where they made journeys inside the Earth into a place of.
In, Northern Ireland there is a myth which says tunnels lead to the land of the subterranean, a group of people who are believed to have introduced to Ireland, and then went back underground.In Hindu mythology, the underworld is referred to as. In the Bengali version of the Hindu epic, it has been depicted how and were taken by the king of the underworld, brother of the demon king.
Later on they were rescued. The tribes of claim that their ancestors emerged in ancient times from a subterranean land inside the Earth. The from Cuba believe their ancestors emerged in ancient times from two caves in a mountain underground.Natives of the believe that their ancestors had come from a subterranean land through a cavern hole called 'Obukula'. Mexican folklore also tells of a cave in a mountain five miles south of, and that Mexico is possessed by devilish creatures who came from inside the Earth.In the, an ancient German myth held that some mountains located between and hold a portal to the inner Earth. A Russian legend says the, an ancient, traveled to a cavern city to live inside the Earth.
The Italian writer describes a hollow earth in his well-known 14th-century work, in which the fall of Lucifer from heaven caused an enormous funnel to appear in a previously solid and spherical earth, as well as an enormous mountain opposite it, 'Purgatory'.In, it is said that the ancestors of the in ancient times emerged from a subterranean land through a cave at the north side of the. There is also a tale about a tunnel in the in near which is said to lead inside the Earth to a land inhabited by a mysterious tribe. It is also the belief of the of the that their ancient ancestors emerged from a subterranean world inside the Earth. The elders of the believe that a entrance in the exists which leads to the., who live alongside the in Brazil, claim that their forefathers emerged in ancient times from an underground land, and that many of their ancestors still remained inside the Earth.
Ancestors of the supposedly came from caves which are located east of, Peru. 17th and 18th centuries. 's hypothesis.in 1692 put forth the idea of Earth consisting of a hollow shell about 800 km (500 mi) thick, two inner concentric shells and an innermost core. Atmospheres separate these shells, and each shell has its own magnetic poles. The spheres rotate at different speeds. Halley proposed this scheme in order to explain anomalous compass readings. An example of a concave hollow Earth.
Humans live on the interior, with the universe in the centerInstead of saying that humans live on the outside surface of a hollow planet—sometimes called a 'convex' Hollow Earth hypothesis—some have claimed humans live on the inside surface of a hollow world, so that our universe itself lies in that world's interior. This has been called the 'concave' Hollow Earth hypothesis or skycentrism., a doctor from upstate New York, proposed such a concave Hollow Earth in 1869, calling his scheme 'Cellular Cosmogony'. Teed founded a group called the based on this notion, which he called.
The main colony survives as a preserved Florida state historic site, at, but all of Teed's followers have now died. Teed's followers claimed to have experimentally verified the concavity of the Earth's curvature, through surveys of the Florida coastline making use of 'rectilineator' equipment. Additionally, the divergence of long plumb lines at the Tamarack Mine is also claimed as experimental evidence.Several twentieth-century German writers, including Peter Bender, Johannes Lang, Karl Neupert, and Fritz Braut, published works advocating the Hollow Earth hypothesis, or Hohlweltlehre. It has even been reported, although apparently without historical documentation, that was influenced by concave Hollow Earth ideas and sent an expedition in an unsuccessful attempt to spy on the British fleet by pointing infrared cameras up at the sky.The mathematician wrote several scholarly papers working out a detailed mapping of the Concave Earth model.In one chapter of his book On the Wild Side (1992), discusses the Hollow Earth model articulated by Abdelkader. According to Gardner, this hypothesis posits that light rays travel in circular paths, and slow as they approach the center of the spherical star-filled cavern. No energy can reach the center of the cavern, which corresponds to no point a finite distance away from Earth in the widely accepted scientific cosmology. A drill, Gardner says, would lengthen as it traveled away from the cavern and eventually pass through the 'point at infinity' corresponding to the center of the Earth in the widely accepted scientific cosmology.
![Earth Earth](/uploads/1/2/4/2/124284419/547643632.jpg)
Supposedly no experiment can distinguish between the two cosmologies.Gardner notes that 'most mathematicians believe that an inside-out universe, with properly adjusted physical laws, is empirically irrefutable'. Gardner rejects the concave Hollow Earth hypothesis on the basis of.Purportedly verifiable hypotheses of a 'Concave Hollow Earth' need to be distinguished from a thought experimentwhich defines a transformation such that the interior of the Earth becomes 'exterior' and the exterior becomes 'interior'. (For example, in spherical coordinates, let radius r go to R 2/ r where R is the Earth's radius.) The transformation entails corresponding changes to the forms of physical laws. This is not a hypothesis but an illustration of the fact that any description of the physical world can be equivalently expressed in more than one way.The Concave or Cell Earth theory attempts to provide a rational basis for not being flung off the earth while it spins at the currently accepted speed of held only by while also explaining the.
Contrary evidence Seismic The picture of the that has been arrived at through the study of is quite different from a fully hollow Earth but doesn't disprove the existence of substantial interior areas. The time it takes for seismic waves to travel through and around the Earth directly contradicts a fully hollow sphere. The evidence indicates the Earth is mostly filled with solid rock (mantle and crust), liquid nickel-iron alloy (outer core), and solid nickel-iron (inner core). Main articles: andAnother set of scientific arguments against a Hollow Earth or any hollow planet comes from. Massive objects tend to clump together gravitationally, creating non-hollow spherical objects such as stars and planets. The solid sphere is the best way in which to minimize the of a physical object; having hollowness is unfavorable in the energetic sense. In addition, ordinary matter is not strong enough to support a hollow shape of planetary size against the force of gravity; a planet-sized hollow shell with the known, observed thickness of the Earth's crust would not be able to achieve with its own mass and would collapse.Based upon the size of the Earth and the force of gravity on its surface, the average density of the planet Earth is 5.515 g/cm 3, and typical densities of surface rocks are only half that (about 2.75 g/cm 3).
![Earth Earth](https://i.pinimg.com/736x/af/d4/24/afd424ec5fbed84cc1fd3497e7f7016c--earth-video-hollow-earth.jpg)
If any significant portion of the Earth were hollow, the average density would be much lower than that of surface rocks. The only way for Earth to have the force of gravity that it does is for much more dense material to make up a large part of the interior.
Nickel-iron alloy under the conditions expected in a non-hollow Earth would have densities ranging from about 10 to 13 g/cm 3, which brings the average density of Earth to its observed value.Direct observation Drilling holes does not provide direct evidence against the hypothesis. The deepest hole drilled to date is the, with a true vertical drill-depth of more than 7.5 miles (12 kilometers). However, the distance to the center of the Earth is nearly 4,000 miles (6,400 kilometers).
Oil wells with longer depths are not vertical wells; the total depths quoted are measured depth (MD) or equivalently, along-hole depth (AHD) as these wells are deviated to horizontal. Their true vertical depth (TVD) is typically less than 2.5 miles (4 kilometers).In fiction. Hollow Earth in the Puranas. ^ The Way to Shambhala, Edwin Bernbaum, Anchor Books; 1st edition, 1980. (1916), 1, Boston, Marshall Jones Company, p. 143. Mircea Eliade, Zalmoxis, the vanishing God: comparative studies in the religions and folklore of Dacia and Eastern Europe, 1959, pp.
24–30. Myth: its meaning and functions in ancient and other cultures, G. Kirk, 1970, p.
136. John A MacCulloch, Celtic Mythology, Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc, 1932, pp. Write, Saint Patrick's Purgatory: A medieval Pilgrimage in Ireland, 1918, p. 107. Harold Bayley, Archaic England: An Essay in Deciphering Prehistory from Megalithic Monuments, 1919 Online Edition:. Angami NagaBrown, Account of Munnipore, 1968., p.
113. Ellen Russell Emerson, Indian Myths, 1965 'It is to the Cubans we are indebted for the following version of man's origin: It was from the depths of a deep cavern in the earth that mankind issued.'
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Grenville Goodwin, Myths and Tales of the White Mountain Apache, 1939, p. 20 (Kessinger Publishing have reprinted the book in 2011). William Martin Beauchamp, Iroquois folk lore: gathered from the Six Nations of New York, I. Friedman, 1965, pp. 152–53. Pages from Hopi history, Harry Clebourne James, University of Arizona Press, 1974, Chapter 6.
Arizona and the West, Volume 17, University of Arizona Press., 1975, p. 179.
Harold Osbourne, South American Mythology. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1986, pp. 42, 119. Halley, Edmond, An Account of the cause of the Change of the Variation of the Magnetic Needle; with an Hypothesis of the Structure of the Internal Parts of the Earth, Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society of London, No. 195, 1692, pp 563–578. Halley, Edmond, An Account of the Late Surprizing Appearance of the Lights Seen in the Air, on the Sixth of March Last; With an Attempt to Explain the Principal Phaenomena thereof;, Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society of London, No.
347 (1716), pp. 406–28. Migration Legend of the Creek Indians, Volumes 1–2, Albert S. Gatschet, Ams Pr Inc, 1969. The Franco-American review, Volumes 1–2, the Yale University Press, 1938, p.
Also see The Venus Calendar Observatory at Aztec New Mexico, Allan Macgillivray III, 2010, p. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
Simon, Matt. Retrieved 18 September 2019. A Journey to the Earth's Interior, Marshall Gardner, Mokelumne Hill Pr, 1974 Edition,. Paget Walburga, Colloquies with an unseen friend, William Rider & Son., London., 1909., p. 36. Ferdynand Ossendowski (1922). Beasts, Men and Gods.
Dutton & Company. George & Helen Papashvily, – Anything Can Happen., Harper & Bros., New York, NY., 1940. Cave of the Ancients, Lobsang Rampa, Random House, 1993. There are Giants in the Earth, Michael Grumley, Panther Books, 1976, pp. 42–47., Not of this World, Sphere Books 1974 also see Peter Kolosimo, Timeless Earth, Citadel Pr, 1988 Edition. Reece, Gregory L. (August 21, 2007).
UFO Religion: Inside Flying Saucer Cults and Culture. P. 17.
Reece, Gregory L. (August 21, 2007).
UFO Religion: Inside Flying Saucer Cults and Culture. P. 17. Walter Kafton-Minkel Subterranean Worlds: 100,000 Years of Dragons, Dwarfs, the Dead, Lost Races and Ufos from Inside the Earth, 1989. Lost Continents and the Hollow Earth Adventures Unlimited Press, 1998. Alien races and Fantastic Civilizations., Serge Hutin, Berkeley Medallion Books, 1975, pp.
109–132 – In the Bowels of the Earth: Refers to the mysterious catacombs beneath Paris, and other underground mysteries which lead inside the Earth. The Under-People, Eric Norman, Award Books, 1969. Inner Earth People And Outer Space People, William L. Blessing, Inner Light Publications, 2008 Edition. Chinese ghouls and goblins, G Willoughby-Meade, Stokes co, 1929. Mysteries of Ancient South America, Harold T.
The Lost Continent Pdf
Wilkins, Citadel Press., New York, 1956. Retrieved 1 November 2015. Divergence of Long Plumb-Lines at the Tamarack Mine,F. McNair,. (June 1946). 'German Astronomy during the War'.
Popular Astronomy. 277–78. Yenne, William (2003). 'Adolf Hitler and the Concave Earth Cult'. Secret Weapons of World War II: The Techno-Military Breakthroughs That Changed History. New York: Berkley Books.
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'A Geocosmos: Mapping Outer Space Into a Hollow Earth'. Speculations in Science & Technology (6): 81–89. Notices of the American Mathematical Society, (Oct. 1981 and Feb. 1982). On the Wild Side (1992), Martin Gardner, pp. 18–19.
On the Wild Side, 1992,. It'S Our Earth, Book 6 (Rev. Christopher S. Baird, May 22, 2013,. Understanding Mechanics for JEE Main and Advanced (Vol. 1), Sinha, M.K.,.; Siever, Raymond; Grotzinger, John; Jordan, Tom (2003). New York, New York: W.
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Buchwald, Dagmar (2012). 'Black Sun Underground: The Music of AlieNation'. In Berressem, Hanjo; Bucher, Michael; Schwagmeier, Uwe (eds.). Between Science and Fiction: The Hollow Earth as Concept and Conceit. LIT Verlag Munster.
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P. 20.Bibliography. Seaborn, Captain Adam. Symzonia; Voyage of Discovery. Seymour, 1820. Lewis, David. The Incredible Cities of Inner Earth. Science Research Publishing House, 1979.
Kafton-Minkel, Walter. Subterranean Worlds. Loompanics Unlimited, 1989.
Standish, David. Hollow Earth: the Long and Curious History of Imagining Strange Lands, Fantastical Creatures, Advanced Civilizations, and Marvelous Machines Below the Earth's Surface. Da Capo Press, 2006. Lamprecht, Jan. Hollow Planets: A Feasibility Study of Possible Hollow Worlds Grave Distraction Publications, 2014.External links. The UnMuseum.
Public Domain Review.